L'eau, agent de purification et substance vitale: Les relations des femmes avec l'eau dans les provinces du sud du Nigéria

Publié 2025-03-30
Mots-clés
- rituels de l'eau,
- Peuple Igbo,
- sociétés nigérianes traditionnelles,
- rôles des femmes
© Etim Ekpenyong Mfon (Author) 2025

Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International.
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Résumé
Dans les sociétés nigérianes traditionnelles, les femmes et les filles assument principalement la responsabilité d'aller chercher de l'eau, ce qui reflète leur rôle nourricier au sein des familles et des communautés. De nombreuses cultures nigérianes associent l'eau à la guérison, à la purification, à la fertilité et à la vie, impliquant souvent les femmes dans des rituels favorisant le bien-être et rétablissant l'équilibre. Cet article explore les croyances sur les femmes et l’eau parmi les peuples Yoruba, Edo et Igbo, trois groupes ethniques du Nigéria. Des entretiens avec des femmes d'âges et de statuts sociaux variés ont fourni diverses perspectives sur ces pratiques culturelles. Les principales conclusions révèlent le rôle important que jouent les femmes dans des festivals tels que le festival Osun à Osogbo, le festival Igue à Benin City, les rites de passage Ikwe Ezi des communautés Mgbidi et le festival Yemoja à Ibadan, où les rituels sont centrés sur les rivières et où les femmes sont des participantes essentielles. L'étude souligne le rôle central des femmes dans les activités et les rituels liés à l'eau, soulignant la nécessité de politiques qui répondent aux défis uniques auxquels les femmes sont confrontées pour accéder à l'eau et à l'assainissement.
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